In mammalian systems (where the DNA polymerase does not have a 5'- 3' exonuclease

activity), Okazaki fragments are connected by a two-step process. Synthesis of an Okazaki fragment displaces the RNA primer of the preceding fragment in the form of a "flap’’.

The base of the flap is cleaved by the enzyme FEN1 (flap endonuclease 1 ) .

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1563

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

This is the example of post-translational modification by a lipid that mediates a ligand-receptor interaction.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3013

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Helicase, It may function with a particular polarity, preferring single-stranded DNA with a 3 ' end (3'-5' helicase) or with a 5' end ( 5 '-3' helicase).

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6488

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

TBP causes the minor groove to be widened to an almost flat conformation; it also bends the DNA by an angle of 80. The interaction between TBP and DNA involves only a limited number of hydrogen bonds between the protein and the edges of the base pairs in the minor groove.  Instead, much of the specificity is imposed by two pairs of phenylalanine side chains that intercalate between the base pairs at either end of the recognition sequence and drive the strong bend in the DNA.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1350

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

KSR (Kinase suppressor of Ras) is a pseudogene homolog of RAF Involve in the activation of RAF

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7306

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

Microbial leaching of copper with the common copper ore CuS, in which copper exists as Cu2+   Acidophillus ferrooxidans oxidizes the sulfide in CuS to SO42, releasing Cu2+.