Another example of a fail-safe system is a glycosylase that removes a T opposite a G. Such a T:G mismatch can arise, as we have seen, by spontaneous deamination of 5-methylcytosine,which occurs frequently in the DNA of vertebrates. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7801

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

An RNA helicase (Dbp5) located on the cytoplasmic side of the NPC removes NXF1 and NXT1 from the mRNA in a reaction that is powered by ATP hydrolysis.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7802

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Free NXF1 and NXT1 proteins are recycled back into the nucleus by the Ran-dependent import process.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7803

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7837

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

The direction of the transport processes depends on the localization of the Ran-GEF predominantly in the nucleoplasm and the Ran-GAP predominantly in the cytoplasm

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7876

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Mitochondria diameter of 0.5–1μm, dynamic, moving about the cell, constantly changing shape, dividing, & fusing.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7877

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

The cristae’s membranes are the site of ATP synthesis thus the invaginations increase the mitochondrion’s capacity to generate ATP.