Inserting DNA into a phage head involves two types of reaction:

translocation and condensation. Both are energetically unfavorable.

The genome is packaged into the empty capsid by the terminase enzyme.

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#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

If a single crossover takes place in the inverted region an unusual structure results

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#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Mean = [number of observations]/[total number of observations]

For grouped data, mean is:

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#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

COMPONENTS OF PHENOTYPIC VARIANCE

Genetic variance (VG)

Environmental variance (Ve)

Genetic–environmental interaction variance (VGE)

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#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

ATP synthase stabilizes ATP relative to ADP + Pi by binding ATP more tightly, releasing enough energy to counterbalance the cost of making ATP.

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#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Transcription is formation of RNA from genome (DNA/RNA)