There are four known forces that are involved in evolution:

1)mutation,

2) genetic drift

3) gene flow or migration

4) selection.

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#Id: 7433

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Once all proteins are functioning, a few starving cells start to emit cAMP pulses.

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#Id: 7434

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Chemotaxis of Dictyostelium myxamoebae is a result of spiral waves of cAMP.

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#Id: 7435

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Neighboring cells respond to cAMP in two ways:

Initiate a movement toward the cAMP pulse for about a minute

Release cAMP of their own

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#Id: 7436

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

The top of the mound continues to emit cAMP pulses and is pushed upwards by the movement of cells underneath

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#Id: 7437

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

The emerging column of cells topples over called ‘the slug’.

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#Id: 7438

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Slug migrates to the top layer of the soil, where it proceeds to build the fruiting structure.