Female hormonal system, consists of three hierarchies of hormones:

GnRH

FSH and LH

Estrogen and progesterone

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#Id: 4454

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Negative staining- heavy metal coats the grid but is excluded from the regions where the sample has adhered.

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#Id: 4455

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Commonly used heavy metals

Uranyl acetate

Osmium tetraoxide 

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#Id: 4456

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Metal shadowing- thin film of platinum is coated from a fixed angle. it provides information about the three-dimensional topology of the sample.

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#Id: 4457

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) allows investigators to view the surfaces of unsectioned metal-coated specimens

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#Id: 4458

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Molecules in the metal coating are excited and release secondary electrons that are focused onto a scintillation detector

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#Id: 4459

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Immunoelectron microscopy is used for localizing proteins in thin sections at the electron microscope level.