In a phenomenon called codon bias, some codons for a particular amino acid are used more frequently (sometimes much more frequently) than others. A minimum of 32 tRNAs are required to translate all 61 codons (31 to encode the amino acids and 1 for initiation) due to wobble positioning

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#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Complexity (denoted by N) is the number of base pairs of unique or nonrepeating DNA in a given segment of DNA

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#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

The sample variance formula is given as

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#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

In higher plants the phytochrome chromophore is a linear tetrapyrrole called phytochromobilin

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#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

The loose aggregation of platelets in the temporary plug is bound together and converted into the definitive clot by fibrin.

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#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

In plant cells,

Golgi apparatus serves as the site at which the complex polysaccharides of the cell wall (pectin & hemicellulose) are synthesized.