Cardiolipin

an unusual “double” phospholipid containing four fatty acid chains

found primarily in the inner mitochondrial membrane

acts to improve the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation, by restricting proton flow across the membrane

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1420

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Integrins function as transmembrane linkers (integrators) between the extracellular matrix and the actin cytoskeleton.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1421

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Integrins bind extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoproteins, 1. Laminins  

2. Collagens 

3. Fibronectin

4. Vitronectin

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1422

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Fibronectin binds to integrin through an RGD motif.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1423

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

The binding of integrins to their ligands depends on extracellular divalent cations(Ca+2 & Mg+2).

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1424

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

The α subunit of each integrin is the primary determinant of its extracellular ligand specificity.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1425

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Several integrin α subunits contain, I-domain, which can mediate binding of integrins to various collagens in the ECM.