Marine turtles and seabirds ingest seawater when consuming prey or drink it, having no access to fresh water.

These animals have specialized structures called salt glands located around the eyes and nostrils.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9528

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Viruses targets endocytic recycling pathway for cell‐to‐cell spread

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9530

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Many insect pest species also transmit viruses. The sapsucking species are effective virus vectors, delivering virus particles directly into the vascular tissue, thereby permitting their rapid dissemination throughout the plant

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9532

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Pathogen genome sequencing (NGS & GBS) enables definition of the complete repertoire of predicted genes for a plant pathogenic species

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9533

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Genomes of many plant pathogenic bacteria are target to search a cluster of genes that encode the type 3 secretion system (T3SS)

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5173

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Blood consists of a protein-rich fluid known as plasma, in which suspended cellular elements are:  white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5174

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

The normal total circulating blood volume is about 8% of the body weight (5600 mL in a 70-kg man).  About 55% of this volume is plasma (3500 mL in a 70-kg man).