The efficiency of PCR can be calculated by using Y = X (1+ E)n X is number of templates, E is mean PCR efficiency, n is number is PCR cycle. 

 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4943

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

The chi-squared test helps to determine whether there is a notable difference between the normal frequencies and the observed frequencies in one or more classes or categories.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4944

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

P stands for probability here. To calculate the p-value, the chi-square test is used in statistics. The different values of p indicates the different hypothesis interpretation, are given below. 

I. P≤ 0.05; Hypothesis rejected.

II. P>.05; Hypothesis Accepted

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4945

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

The chi-squared test is done to check if there is any difference between the observed value and expected value. The formula for chi-square can be written as

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4449

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Electron microscopy under optimal conditions provides, a resolution of 0.10 nm wavelength.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4450

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Electromagnetic lenses are used to focus a high-velocity electron beam instead of the visible light.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4451

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Transmission electron microscope- examine viruses or the internal ultrastructure in thin sections of cells