Biotrophs are Specialised (‘obligate’) pathogens

Possess appressoria or haustoria

Narrow host range

Controlled by salicylate-dependent host-defence pathways

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8749

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Intrinsically disordered proteins lack a hydrophobic core, and have high densities of charged amino acid residues such as Lys, Arg, and Glu. Pro residues are also prominent, as they tend to disrupt ordered structures.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2766

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

DNase footprinting relies on the fact that a protein, by binding to DNA, covers the binding site and so protects it from attack by DNase. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9161

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Close inbreeding is harmful because it increases the proportion of homozygotes and thereby boosts the probability that deleterious and lethal recessive alleles.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1774

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

TREG can be generated both naturally, in the thymus (nTREG cells), and after induction by antigen in the periphery (iTREG cells).

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 660

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

G-tail is probably generated because there is a specific limited degradation of the C-A–rich strand.