Haploid yeast cells secrete protein signals known as pheromones, which induce mating between opposite mating types.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10129

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

From that point, downward movement is described as acropetal (toward the apex). Movement of auxin from the apex of the root toward the root–shoot junction is also described as basipetal (toward the base).

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#Id: 10130

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

PIN and ABCB transport proteins direct the auxin efflux component of polar auxin transport throughout the plant

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10131

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

PIN1 mediates vertical transport of IAA from the shoot to the root along the embryonic apical–basal axis and creates an auxin sink that drives basipetal auxin transport upward from the root apex via PIN2 efflux carriers.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10132

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

PIN7 and PIN3 are thought to redirect auxin back into vascular parenchymal tissue, where polar transport takes place.

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#Id: 10133

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

ABCB19 mediates auxin movement to root tip.

ABCB4 regulates auxin levels in root hairs.

ABCB1-mediated nondirectional auxin movement in root and shoot

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10134

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

NPA (1-Nnaphthylphthalamic acid) and TIBA (2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid) inhibits efflux