In the Drosophila egg, karyokinesis occurs without cytokinesis so as to create a syncytium.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 937

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Inner cell mass (ICM) cells of the mouse blastocyst are maintained in a pluripotent state through E-cadherin interactions with trophectoderm cells that activate the Hippo kinase cascade and repress the function of Yap/Taz as transcriptional regulators of Cdx2.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 938

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) with the pluripotency of an embryonic stem cell. These genes were 

a. Sox2 and Oct4 (Oct3, Oct3/4, and Pou5f1) -which activated Nanog and other transcription factors that   established pluripotency and blocked differentiation

b. c-Myc which opened up chromatin and made the genes accessible to Sox2, Oct4, and Nanog

c. Klf4 -which prevents cell death

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 939

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

In drosophila, the stem cells for sperm reside in a regulatory microenvironment called the hub.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 940

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

The mode of fertilization in sea urchin being external, the egg and spermatozoa are released into the sea water.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4733

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

A stem cell retains the ability to divide and re-create itself while also having the ability to generate progeny capable of specializing into a more differentiated cell type.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6846

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Induction

Kind of interaction in which one group of cells changing the behavior of an adjacent set of cells, thereby causing them to change their shape, mitotic rate, or cell fate.