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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 1117

At puberty, an adolescent female body changes in both structure and function of several organ systems, primarily under the influence of changing concentrations of estrogen and other steroid hormones. How can one hormone, such as estrogen, mediate so many effects?

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

  1. Estrogen is produced in very large concentration by nearly every tissue of the body.

  2. Each cell responds in the same way when steroids bind to the cell surface.

  3. Estrogen is kept away from the surface of any cells, not able to bind it at the surface.

  4. Estrogen binds to specific receptors inside many kinds of cells, each with different responses.

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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12050

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

A clinical experiment is conducted in which one group of subjects is given 50 g of glucose intravenously and another group is given 50 g of glucose orally. Which of the following factors can explain why the oral glucose load is cleared from the blood at a faster rate compared to the intravenous glucose load? (CCK, cholecystokinin; GLIP, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide; VIP, vasoactive intestinal peptide)
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12051

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Migrating motility complexes (MMC) occur about every 90 min between meals and are thought to be stimulated by the gastrointestinal hormone, motilin. An absence of MMCs causes an increase in which of the following?
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12052

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Parasympathetic stimulation increases gastrointestinal motility and sympathetic stimulation decreases motility. The autonomic nervous system controls gut motility by changing which of the following?
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12053

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Swallowing is a complex process that involves signaling between the pharynx and swallowing center in the brainstem. Which of the following structures is critical for determining whether a bolus of food is small enough to be swallowed?
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12054

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

A 54-year-old woman eats a healthy meal. Approximately 20 min later the woman feels the urge to defecate. Which of the following reflexes results in the urge to defecate when the stomach is stretched?
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12055

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Which of the following is a likely consequence of ileal resection?