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#Question id: 1184


The order of events in a signaling pathway can be determined by the analysis of mutants. Cells that express a mutant defective Raf protein cannot be stimulated to proliferate uncontrollably by constitutively active RasD (dominant active). This indicates:

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling
  1. quiescent cells can be induced to proliferate in the absence of growth factors if they contain a constitutively inactive mutant Raf protein.

  2. Raf is upstream of Ras in the signaling pathway.

  3. Ras is upstream of Raf in the signaling pathway.

  4. Ras mutants are recessive to Raf mutants.