Your friends Ben and Jane are contemplating having children and seek your genetic counsel. Ben and Jane are unrelated, but both have younger brothers with the same, extremely rare genetic trait. (In fact, Ben and Jane met at a support group meeting for children and families of children with this rare disorder.) Ben’s parents and Jane’s parents are all unaffected.        

 Assume that the trait is autosomal dominant with 80% penetrance in heterozygotes and 100% penetrance in homozygotes. What is the probability that Ben and Jane’s first child will be affected? 

#Question id: 1122

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

In endocrine signaling, the signaling molecule.

#Question id: 1123

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Epinephrine can be what kind of signaling molecule?

a. autocrine      b. direct contact  c. endocrine d. paracrine

#Question id: 1124

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Which of the following is (are) intracellular second messengers?

a. Ca2+                        b. cAMP          c. epinephrine             

d. protein kinase A      e. protein kinase C

#Question id: 1125

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Examples of G protein–coupled receptors include

a. rhodopsin receptor.             b. β-adrenergic receptor.

c. insulin receptor.                   d. acetylcholine receptor.

#Question id: 1126

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Which of the following statement(s) is (are) true of the α subunit of a G protein?

a. It physically associates with the receptor.              

b. It binds GDP.

c. It binds GTP.                     

d. It is a transmembrane protein.

#Question id: 1127

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Which of the following steps does not occur after acetylcholine binds to the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor in heart muscle cells?