Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (or PAMPs) are common foreign structures that characterize whole groups of pathogens. It is these unique antigenic structures that the immune system frequently recognizes first. Animals, both invertebrates and vertebrates, have evolved to express several types of cell surface and soluble proteins that quickly recognize many of these PAMPs; a form of pathogen profiling. For example, encapsulated bacteria possess a polysaccharide coat with a unique chemical structure that is not found on other bacterial or human cells. White blood cells naturally express a variety of receptors, collectively referred to as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), that specifically recognize these sugar residues, sugar residues is recognised by?

#Question id: 10667

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

Which of the following is correct statement?

A) The average number of offspring that female producing during life time is called NET reproductive rate

B) The number of birth minus the number of death per generation time called called per capita growth rate

C) The average number of female offspring that female producing during life time is called NET reproductive rate

D) The average number of offspring that breeding male and female producing during life time is called NET reproductive rate

#Question id: 10668

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

Following table was shown life table where (S(x)= Live Individual , b(x) = Age specific fertility rate , g(x)= Death rate. What is NET reproductive rate?

#Question id: 10669

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

The three graphs (A, B, C) show population growth (N) patterns in relation to N or time (t)

Which of the following above graph showing exponential growth?

#Question id: 10670

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

To estimate the number of foxes in an area, a researcher conducted a mark-recapture survey. In the first survey, he caught and marked N number of foxes. In his second survey a week later, he caught 120 foxes of which 90 were unmarked (recaptures). If you are told that the actual number of foxes in this area is 400, what is value of N in this area?

#Question id: 10671

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

The principle of competitive exclusion states that

#Question id: 10672

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

Which of the following is incorrect match of protective strategy done by organism?