Following statements are regarding to the some cancers harbor characteristic chromosome alterations. Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), a common leukemia in humans, was found to be associated with the Philadelphia chromosome.

A. Philadelphia chromosome is generated by a translocation between chromosomes 22 and 9. The two chromosomes exchange their terminal regions, which leads to a characteristic alteration in the size of chromosome 9.

B. At the breakpoint of this translocation, a new fusion protein, the BCR-ABL fusion, is generated.

C. The BCR-ABL fusion protein is a constitutively active kinase that phosphorylates multiple signal-transducing proteins.

D. If this translocation occurs in a hematopoietic cell in the bone marrow, the activity of the chimeric BCR-ABL oncogene dephosphorylate proteins thereby activating many intracellular signal-transducing proteins.

Which of the following statements are incorrect?

#Question id: 10909

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

The energy is essential for some aspects of movement from sieve elements to sink cells, which store or metabolize the sugar. This movement of photosynthate from sieve elements to sink cells is called

#Question id: 10910

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

In early research on phloem translocation, both active and passive mechanisms were considered. All theories, both active and passive, assume an energy requirement in both sources and sinks. What will be the INCORRECT explanation of active and passive mechanism?

#Question id: 10911

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Researchers have investigated bidirectional transport by applying two different radiotracers to two source leaves, one above the other. Researcher wanted to see how bidirectional transport happens in sieve elements. Which one of the following is INCORRECT interpretation for bidirectional transport?

#Question id: 10912

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Velocities for transport in the phloem are measured by using a technique which detect water flow;

#Question id: 10913

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Several transport steps are involved in the movement of photosynthate from the mesophyll chloroplasts to the sieve elements of mature leaves; The following steps are invoved with sucrose transportation is given;

a) During the day, triose phosphate is transported from the chloroplast to the cytosol, where it is converted to sucrose.

b) During the night, carbon from stored starch exits the cytosol primarily in the form of maltose and is converted to sucrose

c) Sucrose moves from the mesophyll cells to the sieve elements in the smallest veins of the leaf. This is called short-distance transport pathway

d) With respect to unloading, sucrose and other solutes are translocated away from the source through the vascular system to the sink is referred to as long-distance transport

Which of the following combination is correct?

#Question id: 10914

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Early research on phloem loading focused on the apoplastic pathway, probably because it is very common in