TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 1536


Use the following figure to answer the question. According to figure, which of the following statement is incorrect?

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling
  1. Tumors as well as normal tissues are likely to consist of small number of stem cells that have self-renewal capability and multipotentiality, precursor cells that have limited proliferative potency, and differentiated cells.

  2. Cancer stem cells are thought to be transformed from tissue specific stem cells, precursor cells and/or differentiated cells by genetic/epigenetic mutations.

  3. Cancer stem cells exist in special microenvironment “niche” and seem to keep their resistance to a variety of anti-cancer treatment methods.

  4. Cancer stem cells do not need microenvironment (hypoxic) for the maintenance of stemness, tumorigenesis, and resistance to anti-cancer treatments, chemotherapy and irradiation.

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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 11601

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Gibberellin is an important plant hormone that regulates several aspects of plant growth and development. Some statements are given below in relation to  signalling pathways:

a) The binding of gibberellin (GA) to its receptor leads to the degradation of the DELLA repressor by the 26S proteasome

b) Gibberellin binds to the GID1 receptor and induces a conformational change in the N-terminal domain of the receptor, allowing the receptor to interact with the TVHYNP and DELLA domains of the DELLA repressor

c) The formation of the GID1-repressor complex promotes the interaction between the repressor and the E3 ubiquitin ligase SCFTIR1 complex, leading to the ubiquitination and degradation

d) The gibberellin receptor GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF 1 (GID1) also itself function as an F-box protein

Which one of the following is the incorrect statements about GA  signalling pathway;

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12280

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

What is the effective population size of a population of 50 strictly monogamous swans (40 males and 10 females) if every female breeds successfully?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 11902

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

A chemiosmotic model  has been proposed  to explain Polar transport , following steps are involve in the transport of auxin polarly;

a) IAA enters the cell either passively in the undissociated form (IAAH) or by secondary active cotransport in the anionic form (IAA–)

b) The cell wall is maintained at an acidic pH by the activity of the plasma membrane H+- ATPase

c) In the cytosol, which has acidic pH, the IAAH form predominates

d) The anions exit the cell via auxin anion efflux carriers that are concentrated at the basal ends of each cell in the longitudinal pathway

Which of the following is the correct statements about the polarly transporting of auxin?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 1384

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Mutations that block expression of the E-cadherin gene are thought to be an important step in metastasis. To better understand how loss of E-cadherin contributes to metastasis, scientists created two cell lines that differed in their expression of E-cadherin. One cell line expressed normal E-cadherin, but at 10% of the usual levels. The other cell line expressed normal E-cadherin at the usual levels, and also, at high levels a mutant form that included the cytoplasmic domain but lacked the rest of the protein. Both cell lines exhibited strongly reduced cell adhesion in culture. However, only the cell line with reduced expression of normal E-cadherin metastasized when introduced into mice.

Which of the following hypotheses is most consistent with the observations on cell adhesion and metastasis in these cell lines?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 4470

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Most recent experiments suggest that the last of these is at least an important part of the story and that the conformational change causes the elongating complex to stall, with dissociation following more slowly- this conformational change caused by,