TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 1984


Which of the following is a pathway that would lead to the activation of cytotoxic T cells?

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling
  1. B cell contact antigen → helper T cell is activated → clonal selection occurs

  2. body cell becomes infected with a virus → new viral proteins appear → class I MHC molecule-antigen complex displayed on cell surface

  3. self-tolerance of immune cells → B cells contact antigen → cytokines released

  4. complement is secreted → B cell contacts antigen → helper T cell activated → cytokines released

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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 11064

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

The diagram above shows three different compliance curves (S, T, and U) for isolated lungs subjected to various transpulmonary pressures. Which of the following best describe the relative compliances for the three curves?


TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 11065

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

A liquid-ventilated lung compared to a gas-ventilated lung

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 11066

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

A 22-year-old woman has a pulmonary compliance of 0.2 L/cm H2O and a pleural pressure of −4 cm H2O. What is the pleural pressure (in cm H2O) when the woman inhales 1.0 L of air?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 11067

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

A preterm infant has a surfactant deficiency. Without surfactant, many of the alveoli collapse at the end of each expiration, which in turn leads to pulmonary failure. Which of the following sets of changes are present in the preterm infant, compared to a normal infant?


TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 11068

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

A patient has a dead space of 150 ml, functional residual capacity of 3 L, tidal volume of 650 ml, expiratory reserve volume of 1.5 L, total lung capacity of 8 L, and respiratory rate of 15 breaths/min. What is the residual volume?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 11069

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

A 22-year-old woman inhales as much air as possible and exhales as much air as she can producing the spirogram shown in the figure. A residual volume of 1.0 L was determined using the helium dilution technique. What is her functional residual capacity (in liters)?