The transition from the closed to the open complex involves structural changes in the enzyme and the opening of the DNA double helix to reveal the template and nontemplate strands. This “melting” involves

A. Isomerization reaction and it does not require energy derived from ATP hydrolysis

B. Isomerization is essentially irreversible and, once complete, typically guarantees that transcription will subsequently initiate

C. Positions –11 and -2, with respect to the transcription start site.

#Question id: 4360

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Which of the following functions are characteristic of general transcription factors in eukaryotes?

#Question id: 4361

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

How do steroid hormones produce their effects in cells?

#Question id: 4362

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

How are bacteria able to change their patterns of protein synthesis so quickly in response to environmental changes?

#Question id: 4363

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

researcher found a method she could use to manipulate and quantify phosphorylation and methylation in embryonic cells in culture. In one set of experiments, she succeeded in increasing acetylation of histone tails in the chromatin of the cells. Which of the following results would she most likely see in these cells?

#Question id: 4364

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

A researcher found a method she could use to manipulate and quantify phosphorylation and methylation in embryonic cells in culture. One of her colleagues suggested she try increased methylation of cytosine (C) nucleotides in the DNA of promoters of a mammalian system. Which of the following results would she most likely see?

#Question id: 4365

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Which of the following methods is utilized by eukaryotes to control their gene expression that is different from the type of control found in bacteria?