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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 4715

Claytonia virginica is a woodland spring herb with flowers that vary from white, to pale pink, to bright pink. Slugs prefer to eat pink-flowering over white-flowering plants (due to chemical differences between the two), and plants experiencing severe herbivory are more likely to die. The bees that pollinate this plant also prefer pink to white flowers, so that Claytonia with pink flowers have greater relative fruit set than Claytonia with white flowers. A researcher observes that the percentage of different flower colors remains stable in the study population from year to year. Given no other information, if the researcher removes all slugs from the study population, what do you expect to happen to the distribution of flower colors in the population over time?

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

  1. The percentage of pink flowers should increase over time.

  2. The percentage of white flowers should increase over time.

  3. The distribution of flower colors should not change.

  4. The distribution of flower colors should randomly fluctuate over time.

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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 2968

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

What is the name of the microtubule-organizing center found in animal cells as an identifiable structure present during all phases of the cell cycle?
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 2969

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

In the cells of many eukaryotic species, the nuclear envelope has to disappear to permit which of the following events in the cell cycle?
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 2970

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Describe how Cdc14 triggers the exit from mitosis in the budding yeast, S. cerevisiae.
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 2971

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Which one of the following is the most appropriate match?

Events

Protein

Phases

A. Cohesins are loaded onto chromosomes

I. Mei-S332/Shugoshin

 a. G1

B. Cohesins can dissociate from the DNA

II. Polo kinase and Aurora B kinase

b. G2

C. Prevents cohesin phosphorylation, and hence dissociation

III. Scc2-Scc4

c. S

D. Phosphorylation of cohesins

IV. Pds5-Wapl

d. M

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 2972

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Match the following attachment (Column I) with definition(Column II).

Column I

Column II

A. Monotelic Attachment

I. When sister kinetochores attach to microtubules emanating from opposite spindle poles, they are stably attached.

B. Syntelic Attachment

II. When one kinetochore attaches to microtubules emanating from two opposite spindle poles.

C. Amphitelic Attachment

III. When both sister kinetochores attach to microtubules emanating from the same spindle pole.

D. Merotelic Attachment

IV. When only one of the two sister kinetochores attaches to microtubules.

Which of the following is correct?
TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 2973

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Following statements are regarding to the spindle position checkpoint pathway in budding yeast.

A. During interphase and early mitosis, Cdc14 is sequestered and inactivated in the nucleolus. Inactive Tem1-GDP associates with the spindle pole body (SPB) nearest to the bud as soon as the mitotic spindle forms.

B. If chromosome segregation occurs properly, extension of the spindle microtubules inserts the daughter SPB into the bud, causing Tem1 to be activated by an unknown mechanism.

C. Tem1-GDP activates a protein kinase cascade, which then promotes the release of active Cdc14 from the nucleolus and exit from mitosis.

D. If the spindle apparatus fails to place the daughter SPB in the bud, Kin4 (cyan), an inhibitor of Tem1, is recruited from the parent cell cortex to the parent-cell-located SPB and maintains Tem1 in the GTP-bound form, and mitotic exit does not occur.

Which of the following are correct?