E. coli cells were spread on an agar plate, producing 1000 colonies.  The colonies are replica plated on two agar plates containing the antibiotic kanamycin and one agar plate without antibiotics.  All of the colonies are able to grow on the agar plate without antibiotic but only 4 colonies are able to grow on each of the agar plates containing kanamycin.  You notice that the four colonies that grew on each of the kanamycin containing plates are in the exact same position.  This demonstrates

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12382

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

A person with normal body fluid volumes weighs 60 kg and has an extracellular fluid volume of approximately 12.8 L, a blood volume of 4.3 L, and a hematocrit of 0.4; 57% of his body weight is water.

What is the approximate interstitial fluid volume?

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#Question id: 12383

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Which of the following changes tends to increase urinary Ca++ excretion?

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#Question id: 12384

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

To evaluate kidney function in a 45-year-old woman with type II diabetes, you ask her to collect her urine over 24 hours. She collects 3600 ml of urine in that period. The clinical laboratory returns the following results after analyzing the patient’s urine and plasma samples: plasma creatinine = 4 mg/dL, urine creatinine = 32 mg/dL, plasma potassium = 5 mmol/L, and urine potassium = 10 mmol/L.

What is this patient’s approximate GFR, assuming that she collected all her urine in the 24-hour period?

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#Question id: 12385

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

To evaluate kidney function in a 45-year-old woman with type II diabetes, you ask her to collect her urine over 24 hours. She collects 3600 ml of urine in that period. The clinical laboratory returns the following results after analyzing the patient’s urine and plasma samples: plasma creatinine = 4 mg/dL, urine creatinine = 32 mg/dL, plasma potassium = 5 mmol/L, and urine potassium = 10 mmol/L.

What is the net renal tubular reabsorption rate of potassium in this patient?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12386

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Which of the following changes would you expect to find in a patient who developed acute renal failure after ingesting poisonous mushrooms that caused renal tubular necrosis?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12387

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

An elderly patient complains of muscle weakness and lethargy. A urine specimen reveals a Na+ concentration of 600 mmol/L and an osmolarity of 1200 mOsm/L. Additional laboratory tests provide the following information: plasma Na+ concentration = 167 mmol/L, plasma renin activity = 4 ng angiotensin I/ml/hr (normal = 1), plasma antidiuretic hormone (ADH) = 60 pg/ml (normal = 3 pg/ml), and plasma aldosterone = 15 ng/dL (normal = 6 ng/dL). Which of the following is the most likely reason for this patient’s hypernatremia?