In the Ames test:

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#Question id: 34134

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

A 45-year-old male with type 2 diabetes mellitus presents for routine follow-up. His fasting blood glucose is 110 mg/dL, but his HbA1c is 8.5%. Which of the following best explains the discrepancy between his fasting glucose and HbA1c?

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#Question id: 34135

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Glucagon increases glycogenolysis in liver cells but ACTH does not because

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#Question id: 34136

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

A meal rich in proteins containing the amino acids that stimulate insulin secretion but low in carbohydrates does not cause hypoglycemia because':

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#Question id: 34137

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Which of the following best explains why glucose uptake into liver cells continues in insulin-resistant states, even when skeletal muscle glucose uptake is impaired?

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#Question id: 34138

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Which of the following hormones are nanopeptides with a disulfide ring at one end?

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#Question id: 34139

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

I. Oxytocin and vasopressin are typical neural hormones , that is, hormones secreted into the circulation by nerve cells.

II. Vasopressin and oxytocin each have a characteristic neurophysin associated with them in the granules in the neurons.

III. The precursor for AVP, prepropressophysin , contains a 19-amino-acid residue leader sequence followed by AVP, neurophysin II, and a glycopeptide. 

IV. Prepro-oxyphysin, the precursor for oxytocin, is a similar but smaller molecule that lacks the glycopeptide.