A mouse is engineered to lack a transcription factor necessary for the normal development of osteoclasts. Compared to normal littermate mice, which of the following would be reduced in the knock-out animals?

#Question id: 9616

#Unit 9. Diversity of Life Forms

Which mutation should least require realignment of homologous regions of a gene that is common to several related species?

#Question id: 9617

#Unit 9. Diversity of Life Forms

The common ancestors of birds and mammals were very early (stem) reptiles, which almost certainly possessed 3-chambered hearts (2 atria, 1 ventricle). Birds and mammals, however, are alike in having 4-chambered hearts (2 atria, 2 ventricles). The 4-chambered hearts of birds and mammals are best described as

#Question id: 9618

#Unit 9. Diversity of Life Forms

Generally, within a lineage, the largest number of shared derived characters should be found among two organisms that are members of the same

#Question id: 9619

#Unit 9. Diversity of Life Forms

A common ancestor for both species C and E could be at position number 

#Question id: 9620

#Unit 9. Diversity of Life Forms

The two extant species that are most closely related to each other are

#Question id: 9621

#Unit 9. Diversity of Life Forms

If this evolutionary tree is an accurate depiction of relatedness, then which of the following should be correct?

1. The entire tree is based on maximum parsimony.

2. If all species depicted here make up a taxon, this taxon is monophyletic.

3. The last common ancestor of species B and C occurred more recently than the last common ancestor of species D and E.

4. Species A is the direct ancestor of both species B and species C.

5. The species present at position 3 is ancestral to C, D, and E