Some statements with respect to the regeneration in hydra.

A. The major head inducer of the hypostome organizer is a set of Wnt proteins acting through the canonical B-catenin pathway.

B. The major head inducer of the hypostome organizer is a set of Wnt proteins acting through the noncanonical B-catenin pathway.

C. These Wnt proteins are seen in the apical end of the early bud, defining the hypostome region as the bud elongates

D. If the Wnt signaling inhibitor GSK3 is itself inhibited throughout the body axis, ectopic tentacles form at all levels, and each piece of the trunk has the ability to stimulate the outgrowth of new buds.

E. transgenic hydra made to globally misexpress the downstream Wnt effector ectopic tentacles form at all levels, and each piece of the trunk has the ability to stimulate the outgrowth of new buds.

Which of the following statements are incorrect?

#Question id: 457

#Unit 1. Structure and Function of Biomolecules

Which are membrane associated pathways?

A) electron transport chain in eukaryotes

B) citric acid cycle in bacteria

C) photosynthesis

D) glycolysis

#Question id: 458

#Unit 1. Structure and Function of Biomolecules

Ten people are sitting in a row. Their objective is to whisper a secret from one person to the next all the way down the row. The first person whispers the secret to the second person who passes the secret to the third person and so on. After whispering to the third person, the second person in the row notices the ninth person has fallen asleep in their chair, so she gets up, goes down the row and shakes person nine awake. This example is similar to ________.

#Question id: 459

#Unit 1. Structure and Function of Biomolecules

Calculate △G°ʹ for the reaction shown if the mass action ratio, Q, is 5.3 × 102 M-1 and △G is 46 kJ/mol at a temperature of 298 K. (R = 8.315 J/K-mol)

ADP + Pi ⇌ ATP

#Question id: 460

#Unit 1. Structure and Function of Biomolecules

The hydrolysis of ATP to ADP has a △G°ʹ of -30 kJ/mol. If in an E. coli cell the concentrations of ATP, ADP and inorganic phosphate are 7.90 mM, 1.04 mM and 7.9 mM, respectively, which statement is true about the hydrolysis of ATP in the cell? (Assume a temperature of 298 K. R = 8.315 J/K-mol)

#Question id: 461

#Unit 1. Structure and Function of Biomolecules

The conversion of glucose-1-phosphate to glucose-6-phosphate by the enzyme phosphoglucomutase has a △G°ʹ of -7.6 kJ/mol. Calculate the equilibrium constant for this reaction at 298 K and a pH of 7. (R = 8.315 J/K-mol)

#Question id: 462

#Unit 1. Structure and Function of Biomolecules

The formation of acetyl CoA is driven to completion by