In ‘TaqMan’ assay for detection of base substitutions (DNA variants), probes (oligonucleotides) with fluorescent dyes at the 5′-end and quencher at 3′-end are used. While the probe is intact, the proximity of the quencher reduces the fluorescence emitted by reporter dye. If the target sequences (wild type or variant) are present, the probe anneals to the target sequence, down stream to one of the primers used for amplifying DNA sequence flanking the position of variants. For an assay two flanking PCR primers, two probes corresponding to the wild type and variant allele and labeled with two different reporter dyes and quencher were used. During extension the probe may be cleaved by the Taq-polymerase separating the reporter dye and the quencher. Three individuals were genotyped using the assay. Sample for individual I shows maximum fluorescence for the dye attached to the wild type probe, sample for individual II shows maximum fluorescence for the dye attached to variant probe and sample for individual III exhibits equal fluorescence for both the dyes. Which of the following is correct?

#Question id: 27667

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

There are few statements is given regarding the peptide bond are given

(a) For most peptide bonds the ratio of cis to trans configurations is approximately 1:1000

(b) Peptide bonds formed between Xaa and proline (Xaa is any amino acid) the cis to trans ratio is 1:4

(c) Co and N atoms of the peptide grouping are both in planar sp2 hybridization 

(d) All three kinds of bonds (N-Ca, Ca-Co, and the Co-N peptide bond) are single bonds

(e) The peptide bond is estimated to have 40% double bond character

Choose which of the following is correct 

#Question id: 27668

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

In a peptide bond the true electron density is intermediate. The barrier to C-N bond rotation/to keep the amide group planar requires of about

#Question id: 27669

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

When Psi is fixed at +165º then allowed region -70º to -170º then this allowed region belong to 

(a) Left-handed helix

(b) Right-handed helix

(c) Parallel beta sheet 

(d) Antiparallel beta sheet

Choose which of the following is correct 

#Question id: 27670

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

#Question id: 27671

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

The range for Pro residues cyclic side chain has

#Question id: 27672

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology