TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 11706


Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) work together in maintaining osmoregulatory homeostasis through which of the following ways?

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal
  1. ADH regulates the osmolarity of the blood by altering renal reabsorption of water, and the RAAS maintains the osmolarity of the blood by stimulating both Na+ and water reabsorption.
  2. ADH and the RAAS work antagonistically; ADH stimulates water reabsorption during dehydration, and the RAAS causes increased excretion of water when it is in excess in body fluids.
  3. Both stimulate the adrenal gland to secrete aldosterone, which increases both blood volume and pressure via its receptors in the urinary bladder.
  4. ADH and the RAAS combine at the receptor sites of proximal tubule cells, where reabsorption of essential nutrients takes place.
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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 11083

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

A 55-year-old male has a pulmonary embolism that partially blocks the blood flow to his right lung. Which point on the ventilation-perfusion line of the O2-CO2 diagram corresponds to the alveolar gas of his right lung?


TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 11084

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

The next diagram shows two lung units (S and T) with their blood supplies. Lung unit S has an ideal relationship between blood flow and ventilation. Lung unit T has a comprised blood flow. What is the relationship between alveolar dead space (DALV), physiologic dead space (DPHY) and anatomic dead space (DANAT) for these lung units?


TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 11085

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

The diagrams show changes in the partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide as blood flows from the arterial end to the venous of the pulmonary capillaries. Which diagram best depicts the normal relationship between Po2 (red line) and Pco2 (green line) during resting conditions?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 11086

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

A 17-year-old female was bicycling without a helmet when she fell and hit her head. In the emergency room, she was not conscious and was receiving ventilator assistance. Her blood gases follow:

PaO2 = 52 mm Hg,

PaCO2 = 75 mm Hg, pH = 7.15, and

HCO3− = 31 mM

The majority of the CO2 was being transported as


TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 11087

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Which of the following oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curves corresponds to normal blood (red line) and blood containing carbon monoxide (green line)?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 11088

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

At a fraternity party a 17-year-old male places a paper bag over his mouth and breathes in and out of the bag. As he continues to breathe into this bag, his rate of breathing continues to increase. Which of the following is responsible for the increased ventilation?