The cis and trans GroEL rings undergo conformational changes in a reciprocating fashion, with events in one ring influencing events in the other ring. The entire GroEL/ES chaperonin complex functions as follows;

a) One GroEL ring that has bound 7 ATP also binds an improperly folded substrate protein, which associates with hydrophobic patches that line the inner wall of the GroEL chamber

b) The GroES cap then binds to the GroEL ring like a lid on a pot, inducing a conformational change in the resulting cis ring

c) Within ~10 s the cis ring catalyzes the hydrolysis of its 7 bound ATPs and releases the resulting Pi , which weakens the interactions binding GroES to GroEL

d) A second molecule of improperly folded substrate protein binds to the cis ring, followed by 7 ATP

e) The binding of substrate protein and ATP to the cis ring conformationally induces the trans ring to release its bound GroES, 7 ADP, and the presumably now better-folded substrate protein

Which of the following is incorrect functions of GroEL/ES chaperonin complex?

#Question id: 532

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

In glycolysis, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate is converted to two products with a standard free-energy change (DG'°) of 23.8 kJ/mol.  Under what conditions (encountered in a normal cell) will the free-energy change (DG) be negative, enabling the reaction to proceed to the right?

#Question id: 533

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Glucose, labeled with 14C in different carbon atoms, is added to a crude extract of a tissue rich in the enzymes of the pentose phosphate pathway.  The most rapid production of 14CO2 will occur when the glucose is labeled in:

#Question id: 534

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

If glucose labeled with 14C in C-3 is metabolized to lactate via fermentation, the lactate will contain 14C in:

#Question id: 535

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

In some diabetic patients, glucose increases disproportionately and is unresponsive to an insulin challenge; under these conditions, how would oneʹs liver normally respond?

A) phosphorylating glucose for entry into the glycolytic pathway

B) saturating glucokinase with glucose

C) phosphorylating glucose for entry into the glycogen synthesis pathways

#Question id: 536

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Glucose 6-phosphate allosterically inhibits

A) hexokinase I.

B) glucokinase.

C) hexokinase II.

#Question id: 537

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Substrate level phosphorylation

A) describes the conversion of ADP into ATP with the addition of inorganic phosphate every place throughout the cell.

B) describes the formation of ADP by phosphoryl group transfer from 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate.

C) is the formation of ATP by phosphoryl group transfer from a higher energy compound.