The herbaceous plant Achillea lanulosa is widespread in the Northern Hemisphere. Phenotypic variation in the species has been extensively studied along an altitudinal gradient from sea level to over 3,000 meters. In California there is conspicuous variation in  height; alpine plants are only several centimeters tall  while  those in  the San Joaquin Valley may reach a height of 1.8 meters. Adaptation to different local environments also results in variation in physiological processes such as photosynthetic rate, resistance to cold, and the timing of dormancy.

Which of the following methods would be best to determine whether the phenotypic variation in Achillea lanulosa is due to genotypic variation?

#Question id: 3833

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Regarding DNA replication, which, if any, of the following statements is incorrect?

#Question id: 3834

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

In his transformation experiments, what phenomenon did Griffith observe?

#Question id: 3835

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

State whether the following statements is true/false regarding DNA replication.

1. A short primer is added to the DNA polymerase reaction mix for Sanger DNA sequencing that has a 5ʹ free hydroxyl to which new nucleotides can be added.

2. In a sequencing gel, all fragment in one of the four lanes terminates in the same type of nucleotide base.

3. Eukaryotic cells contain at least five DNA polymerases all of which are responsible for nuclear DNA replication.

4. Since the rate of form movement in eukaryotes is much slower than that of bacteria, chromosomes require more than an hour to replicate.

5. Although histones and DNA are made in the same parts of the eukaryotic cell, the packaging of them in the nucleosome slows down replication so that it is slower than that of prokaryotes.

#Question id: 3836

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Which of the following statements accurately describes the differences between DNA replication in prokaryotes and DNA replication in eukaryotes?

#Question id: 3837

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

How does the enzyme telomerase meet the challenge of replicating the ends of linear chromosomes?

#Question id: 3838

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Which of the following statements correctly describes the difference between the leading and the lagging strands of DNA during DNA replication?