TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 12186


In 2001, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to three cell cycle scientists. Paul Nurse was recognized for his studies with the fission yeast S. pombe, in particular for the discovery and characterization of the wee1+ gene. What did the characterization of the wee1+ gene tell us about cell cycle control?

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization
  1. The dual-specificity protein kinase Wee1 phosphorylates CDKs on the activatory tyrosine 15.
  2. Yeast cells with a defective wee1+ gene activate S phase CDKs prematurely and hence experience premature entry into DNA replication. 
  3. Fission yeast cells carrying a CDK1 mutation in which the tyrosine 15 residue is replaced by phenylalanine (which is structurally similar to tyrosine but cannot be phosphorylated) show the premature mitotic CDK activation and entry into mitosis.
  4. The dual-specificity protein phosphatase Wee1 dephosphorylates CDKs on the inhibitory tyrosine 15.

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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 10904

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

The sugar is a carbohydrate that are generally translocated  in the phloem in which form?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 10905

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

The rate of movement of materials in the sieve elements can be expressed in two ways: as velocity, or as mass transfer rate. In early publications reporting on rates of transport in the phloem, what is the velocity and the mass transfer rate?

i) velocity-centimeters per hour (cm h-1) and mass transfer- grams per hour per square centimeter (g h-1 cm-2)

ii) velocity-the linear distance traveled per unit time and mass transfer rate-the quantity of material passing through a given cross section of phloem or sieve elements per unit time.

iii) velocity- the quantity of material passing through a given cross section of phloem or sieve elements per unit time and mass transfer rate- the linear distance traveled per unit time

iv) velocity- per hour per square centimeter (h-1 cm-2) and mass transfer- kg centimeters per hour (cm h-1)

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 10906

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

The pressure-flow model explains phloem translocation as a flow of solution (bulk flow) driven by an osmotically generated pressure gradient between source and sink.

a) Phloem translocation, both active and passive mechanisms were considered. All theories, both active and passive, assume an energy requirement in both sources and sinks.

b) In sources, energy is necessary to move photosynthate from producing cells into the sieve elements. This movement of photosynthate is called phloem loading.

c) In sinks, energy is essential for some aspects of movement from sieve elements to sink cells, which store or metabolize the sugar. This movement of photosynthate from sieve elements to sink cells is called phloem unloading.

d) The Active mechanisms of phloem transport further assume that energy is required in the sieve elements of the path between sources and sinks simply to maintain structures.

From the given statements find out the correct for pressure-flow model.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 10907

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

The mechanism of phloem translocation in angiosperms is best explained by the pressure-flow model, this model is an example of,

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 10908

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

The energy is necessary to move photosynthate from producing cells into the sieve elements. This movement of photosynthate is called

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 10909

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

The energy is essential for some aspects of movement from sieve elements to sink cells, which store or metabolize the sugar. This movement of photosynthate from sieve elements to sink cells is called