#Question id: 19334
#Unit 12. Applied Biology
#Question id: 15306
#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling
The transformation of a normal cell to a cancer cell is accompanied by the loss of function of one or more tumor‐suppressor genes. High‐throughput sequencing studies have identified hundreds of genes that are implicated as tumor suppressors in humans. Some of the better characterized genes;
Gene |
Primary tumor |
Proposed function |
i) APC |
Colorectal |
Binds β
‐catenin acting as transcription factor |
ii) BRCA1 |
Breast |
DNA repair |
iii) MSH2, MLH1 |
Melanoma, pancreatic |
p16: Cdk inhibitor ARF: stabilizes p53 |
iv) E‐Cadherin |
Breast, colon |
Cell adhesion molecule |
v) INK4a |
Colorectal |
Mismatch repair |
vi) NF1 |
Neurofibromas |
Activates GTPase of Ras |
Choose incorrect matching regarding tumor‐suppressor genes/primary tumor/proposed functions; |
#Question id: 10932
#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal
A 62-year-old man complains of headaches, visual difficulties, and chest pains. His examination shows a red complexion and a large spleen. His complete blood count follows: hematocrit, 58%, WBC 13,300/μl, and platelets 600,000/μl. His arterial oxygen saturation is 97% on room air. Which of the following would you recommend as a treatment?
#Question id: 5005
#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior
Fossilized stromatolites
#Question id: 15990
#Unit 12. Applied Biology