Five similar populations of a herbaceous annual plant are monitored for three years; then, the numbers of individuals in populations I-IV are increased by an experimenter. Subsequent changes in the sizes of all the populations are shown in the graph below.

If size distributions of individuals do not vary among these populations, which of the following relationships best illustrates the occurrence of population regulation?

#Question id: 10636

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

The demographic transition model depicts demographic changes from high- to low-level births and deaths in five stages

Stage 1 is characterized by total population numbers are low and the high birth rate is balanced by the high death rate.

B) Stage 2 is characterized by high population growth rate is results of high birth rate however, decline death rate

C) Stage 4 is characterized by decline in the proportion of the population in the reproductive age group and these changes stabilizes population size

D) Stage 3 is characterized by falling birth rates and death rates and population growth rate is zero due to the less numbers of people in the reproductive age group

#Question id: 10637

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

Which of the following graph represent logistic growth pattern and exponential growth respectively? 

#Question id: 10638

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

Following some statement is given

A- Mortality rate constant over age group 

B- Greater proportional survival at older age

C. Follow type III survivorship curve

D. Follow type II survivorship curve

Which of the following above statement is correct?

#Question id: 10639

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

The schematic below shows the relationship between survivorship with age (relative to maximum lifespan) in Species 1 (dashed line) and Species 2 (solid line). Which of the following inferences is compatible with this figure?

A) Species 1 follow type I survival ship curve

 B) Species 2 follow type III survival ship curve

 C) Species 1 show parental care of offspring

 D) Species 2 showed large size of offspring than species 1

#Question id: 10640

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

Given below is a graphical representation of plant life histories based on Grime's model in which disturbance and competition are the important factors

Which of the following options correctly represents A, B and C, respectively in the figure above?

#Question id: 10641

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

The size of the population (N) is estimated as follows, what is parameter of M, S and R respectively?