What is the probable sequence in which the following clades of animals originated, from earliest to most recent?

1. tetrapods

2. vertebrates

3. deuterostomes

4. amniotes

5. bilaterians

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#Question id: 2996

#Part-A Aptitude & General Biotechnology

Cell death approximately equal to cell division is found in

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#Question id: 3027

#Part-B Specialized Branches in Biotechnology

Which of the following contains a copy of the chromosome, along with a small amount of dehydrated cytoplasm, within a tough wall?

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#Question id: 3640

#Part-A Aptitude & General Biotechnology

Which of the following is true for the mechanism of excision repair?

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#Question id: 1585

#Part-B Specialized Branches in Biotechnology

Both lysozyme and cytotoxic T cells

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#Question id: 13056

#Part-A Aptitude & General Biotechnology

Precision will be reduced, but yield will be increased

Optimisation of a PCR reaction is often a compromise between the competing demands for precision, efficiency and yield. Although the specific effects may vary, generally, increasing the annealing temperature will increase non-specific primer binding and reduce precision. Increasing the length of the elongation phase will reduce the proportion of incomplete newly-synthesised strands and therefore increase yield. In this case, the potential effect on efficiency is unclear. Increasing the elongation phase would increase the reaction time, but the time taken to ramp down to a lower annealing temperature would be reduced.

 Which of the following is true for traditional and real time PCR?