Ethanol is produced by anaerobic fermentation of glucose by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. For the particular strain of S. cerevisiae employed, the maintenance coefficient is 0.18 kg kg^{- 1} h^{- 1}, Yxs is 0.11 kg kg^-1, Y_PX is 3.9 kg kg^-1 and µ_max is 0.4 h^-1.  It is decided to investigate the possibility of using Zymomonas mobilis bacteria instead of yeast for making ethanol. Z. mobilis is known to produce ethanol under anaerobic conditions using a different metabolic pathway to that employed by yeast. Typical values of Yxs are lower than for yeast at about 0.06 kg kg^-1; on the other hand, the maintenance coefficient is higher at 2.2 kg kg ^-1 h ^-1. Ypx for Z. mobilis is 7.7 kg kg^-l; µ_max is 0.3 h- 1.  From stoichiometry, what is the maximum theoretical yield of ethanol from glucose                 

#Question id: 4731

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

A pure-breeding strain of squash that produced disk-shaped fruits was crossed with a pure breeding strain having long fruits. The F1 had disk fruits, but the F2 showed a new phenotype, sphere, and was composed of the following proportions

Disk  384            

Sphere 96

 Long  32

What is reason for F2 phenotype?

#Question id: 4732

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

What is F2 phenotype ratio observed when a homozygous recessive mutation in either or both of two different genes results in the same mutant phenotype?

#Question id: 4733

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

If a homozygous plant with red peppers is crossed with a homozygous plant with green peppers, all the F1 plants have red peppers. When the F1 are crossed with one another, the F2 are in a ratio of 9 red : 3 brown : 3 yellow : 1 green  due to

#Question id: 4735

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

In corn, three dominant alleles, called A, C, and R, must be present to produce colored seeds. Genotype A/–; C/– ; R/– is colored; all others are colorless. A colored plant AaCCRr is crossed with colorless plant aaCcRr. What proportional of offspring plant with colorless seed?

#Question id: 4737

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Two independent pure line varieties having white and green phenotype in their fruit were cross, the all f1 progeny is white fruit. The F2 progeny obtain from selfing show white, yellow and green in ratio of 12:3:1. Which of the following is correct?

#Question id: 4738

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Red kernel color in wheat results from the presence of at least one dominant allele of each of two independently segregating genes . Kernels on rr bb plants are white, and the genotypes R— bb and rr B— result in brown kernel color. Suppose that plants of a variety that is true breeding for red kernels are crossed with plants true breeding for white kernels produced F1 were allowed to selfing .what are F2 phenotype ratio ?