Ethanol is produced by anaerobic fermentation of glucose by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. For the particular strain of S. cerevisiae employed, the maintenance coefficient is 0.18 kg kg^{- 1} h^{- 1}, Yxs is 0.11 kg kg^-1, Y_PX is 3.9 kg kg^-1 and µ_max is 0.4 h^-1.  It is decided to investigate the possibility of using Zymomonas mobilis bacteria instead of yeast for making ethanol. Z. mobilis is known to produce ethanol under anaerobic conditions using a different metabolic pathway to that employed by yeast. Typical values of Yxs are lower than for yeast at about 0.06 kg kg^-1; on the other hand, the maintenance coefficient is higher at 2.2 kg kg ^-1 h ^-1. Ypx for Z. mobilis is 7.7 kg kg^-l; µ_max is 0.3 h- 1. Y’_PS is maximum and equal to the theoretical yield when there is zero growth and all substrate entering the cell is used for maintenance activities. If ethanol is the sole extracellular product of energy-yielding metabolism, calculate mp for yeast?

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#Question id: 27141

#Section 7: Recombinant DNA technology and Other Tools in Biotechnology

For distantly related sequences alignment, which of the method is suitable?

#Question id: 27142

#Section 7: Recombinant DNA technology and Other Tools in Biotechnology

Calculate the percentage sequence identity for the pairwise alignment given below:

#Question id: 27143

#Section 7: Recombinant DNA technology and Other Tools in Biotechnology

The percentage SIMILARITIES and IDENTITIES, respectively, between the two peptide sequences given below will be % and %.

Peptide I:

Phe-Ala-Arg-Arg-Gln-Trp-Leu-Thr-Phe-Thr

Peptide II:

Tyr-Ala-Lys-Glu-Gln-Tyr-Ile-Ser-Phe-Thr

#Question id: 27144

#Section 7: Recombinant DNA technology and Other Tools in Biotechnology

Sequences those have sequence identity in the range of 20-40% falls in the range of

#Question id: 27145

#Section 7: Recombinant DNA technology and Other Tools in Biotechnology

which of the following is an example of local alignment?

#Question id: 27146

#Section 4: Fundamentals of Biological Engineering

In industries titanium is hardened through diffusion of carbon. The concentration of carbon at 1mm into the surface of the titanium slab is 0.25kg/m³ and at 3mm the concentration is 0.68kg/m³. The rate at which the carbon is entering into its surface is 1.27*10-9kg/m².s. calculate the value of diffusion coefficient of carbon.