Aspartase enzyme is used industrially for manufacture of aspartic acid, a component of low-calorie sweetener. Fumaric acid and ammonia are converted to aspartic acid according to the equation:

 

                                        

Under investigation is a process using aspartase in intact Bacillus cadaveris cells. In the substrate range of interest, the conversion can be described using Michaelis-Menten kinetics with K m 4.0 gl^-1. The substrate solution contains 15% (w/v) ammonium fumarate; enzyme is added in the form of lyophilised cells and the reaction stopped when 85% of the substrate is converted. At 32⁰C vmax for the enzyme is 5.9 g l^-1h^-1 and its half-life is 10.5 d. At 37⁰C Vmax increases to 8.5 g l^{- 1} h^{- I} but the half-life is reduced to 2.3 d. The average downtime between batch reactions is 28 h. calculate the reactor volume required to produce 5000 tonnes of aspartic acid per year

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#Question id: 15623

#Section 4: Fundamentals of Biological Engineering

Under unaerated condition in a fermentor, the power consumed by a single impeller was 10,000 W. The diameter of the impeller D is 1m and the density of the medium is 1000 kg/m3 and the stirrer speed is 1s^-1. If one more impeller is added to the fermentor, power consumption would be approximately

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#Question id: 15624

#Section 4: Fundamentals of Biological Engineering

In heat transfer through a heat exchanger in co- current or counter-current flow, which of the assumptions is not correct ?

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#Question id: 15625

#Section 4: Fundamentals of Biological Engineering

A stagnant liquid film of 0.4 mm thickness is held between two parallel plates. The top plate is maintained at 400C and the bottom plate is maintained at 300C. If

the thermal conductivity of the liquid is 0.14 W/(m K), then the steady state heat flux ( W/m²) assuming one-dimensional heat transfer is

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#Question id: 15626

#Section 4: Fundamentals of Biological Engineering

In a mass transfer system the unit of diffusivity is

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#Question id: 15627

#Section 4: Fundamentals of Biological Engineering

A fermentation medium is being cooled from 70^0C to 32^0C in a double pipe heat exchanger. Fluid flowing counter currently with this stream in heated from 20^0C

to 46^0C. The log mean temperature difference (in0C) for the two streams is

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#Question id: 15628

#Section 4: Fundamentals of Biological Engineering

When a liquid of density 1200 kg/m3 and viscosity 0.01 kg m^-1s^-1 flows through a 1 cm Diameter pipe at 0.2 m/s, the flow is referred as a