A 15-m ³ chemostat is operated with dilution rate 0.1 h^-1. A continuous steriliser with steam injection and flash cooling delivers sterilized medium to the fermenter. Medium in the holding section of the steriliser is maintained at 130⁰C The concentration of contaminants in the raw medium is 10⁵ ml^-l; an acceptable contamination risk is one organism every 3 months. The Arrhenius constant and activation energy for thermal death are estimated to be 7.5 × 10³⁹ h^-1 and 288.5 kJ gmol^{- 1}, respectively. The steriliser pipe inner diameter is 12 cm. At 130⁰C the liquid density is 1000 kg m^{- 3} and the viscosity is 4 kg m^{- 1} h^{- 1}. Assuming perfect plug flow, determine the length of the holding section.   __________________

#Question id: 3561

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

During which phase of meiosis does independent assortment occur?

#Question id: 3562

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

In cats, blood-type A results from an allele (IA) that is dominant over an allele (iB) that produces blood-type B. There is no O blood type. Two heterozygous was intercross. What is the probability of first offspring blood-type B?

#Question id: 3563

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Independent assortment is based on the random separation of homologous pairs of chromosomes in anaphase I of meiosis; it takes place when genes encoding two characters are located

#Question id: 3564

#Section 2: General Biology

Population locus with four alleles. How many genotypes are present in the population?

#Question id: 3565

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Mendel crossed yellow-seeded and green-seeded pea plants and then allowed the offspring to self-pollinate to produce an F2 generation. The results were as follows: 6,022 yellow and 2,001 green. Which of the following statements correctly describes the relationship of the allele for green seeds to the allele for yellow seeds?

#Question id: 3566

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Two organisms, with genotypes BbDD and BBDd, are mated. Assuming independent assortment of the B/b and D/d genes, determine the genotypic ratios in offspring that would occur.