In an ______________ plasmid, replication occurs in two stages. In the first stage, the double stranded circular plasmid DNA replicates to form another double-stranded circular DNA and a single-stranded circular DNA, In the second stage, the complementary strand is synthesized on the single-stranded DNA to make another double-stranded DNA.

#Question id: 27325

#Section 5: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

if the initial substrate concentration is 15 g/L and initial biomass concentration is 0.1 g/L. The substrate is then consumed completely and produces 6.4 g/L of biomass. The yield coefficient will be

#Question id: 27326

#Section 5: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

The growth of a microorganism on glucose is described by the Monod model (µmax = 0.7 h¹ and Ks = 0.1 g L¹). If the initial biomass concentration in the batch fermenter is 0.1 g L¹, the minimum time required to triple the biomass concentration would be

#Question id: 27327

#Section 5: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

#Question id: 27328

#Section 5: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

The unit of maintenance coefficient is

#Question id: 27329

#Section 5: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

Culture comprising a B. subtlis strain by inoculating 1g of cells into 1 liter bioreactor. Fermentor containing 10g/l of glucose. The maximum specific growth rate of the culture is 1.0 /h. The biomass yield from glucose is 0.5 g/g. If the residual glucose concentration left out is 1g/l, the final cell concentration in g/l achieved would be around

#Question id: 27330

#Section 5: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

The ethanol yield per unit mass of substrate consumed (YP/S) in an anaerobic fermentation process can be improved by