Some herbicides such as dichlorophenyldimethylurea (DCMU, also known as diuron) and paraquat, block photosynthetic electron flow from where ?

a.) DCMU blocks electron flow at the quinone acceptors of PSII, by competing for the binding site of plastoquinone that is normally occupied by PQB

b.) Paraquat accepts electrons from the early acceptors of PSI and then reacts with oxygen to form superoxide, O2 – , a species that is very damaging to chloroplast components

c.) DCMU blocks electron flow at the pheophytin acceptors of PSII, by competing for the binding site of pheophytin

d.) Paraquat accepts electrons from the Iron-sulfur system of PSI and then reacts with oxygen to form superoxide, O2 – , a species that is very damaging to chloroplast components

Which of the following combination is true?

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#Question id: 27355

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

How does the guide RNA help the cell know where to cut the DNA?

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#Question id: 27356

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

What is the role of the guide RNA?

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#Question id: 27359

#Section 5: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

A double reciprocal plot was created from the specific growth rate and limiting-substrate concentration data obtained from a chemostat experiment. A linear regression gave values of 1.25 h and 100 mg hL-1 for the intercept and slope, respectively.

(a) The respective values of the Monod kinetic constants μm (h-1) and K. (mg L-¹) are as follows:

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#Question id: 27360

#Section 5: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

The same culture (with the m and K, values as computed above) is cultivated in a 10 L chemostat being operated with a 50 mL min-1 sterile feed containing 50 g L-1 of substrate. Assuming an overall yield coefficient of 0.3 (g- DCW) (g- substrate), the respective values of the outlet biomass and substrate concentrations are

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#Question id: 27361

#Section 5: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

A continuous stirred tank bioreactor produces 48 kg lysine.day-1. If the volumetric productivity is 2 g.l-1.h-1, the volume of the reactor is:

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#Question id: 27362

#Section 5: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

Continuous stirred tank fermenter is characterized by (biomass concentration X kg/m3, residual substrate is S kg/m3, Sf=substrate concentration in feed kg/m3, Dilution rate = D and µm>>D and Km<Sf, XD= the biomass productivity kg/m3h. If the dilution rate is doubled to 2D then the new steady state values in comparison with earlier steady state is characterized by