Inactive NBS–LRR receptor activated by binding with the effector molecules with decoys or guardees directly triggering the defense response by stimulating______A_______ into the cell and ______B_________ out of the cell.

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#Question id: 28107

#Section 5: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

If the equilibrium constant for a chemical reaction at 20° C is 20, the standard free energy change associated with the reaction will be (R=1.98 cal/mol/K):

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#Question id: 1647

#Section 2: General Biology

A fragment antigen binding (Fab) fragment:

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#Question id: 10799

#Section 6: Plant, Animal and Microbial Biotechnology

Arabidopsis thaliana mutants that lack the enzyme chalcone synthase____

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#Question id: 14236

#Section 5: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

Nutrient medium is to be heated from 10⁰C to 28⁰C is a single-pass countercurrent shell-and-tube heat exchanger before being pumped into a fed-batch fermenter. Medium passes through the tubes of the exchanger; the shell-side fluid is water which enters with flow rate 3 x 10^4 kg h^- 1 and temperature 60⁰C pre-heated medium is required at a rate of 50 m^3 h^-1. The density, viscosity and heat capacity of the medium are the same as water; the thermal conductivity of the medium is 0.54 Wm^- 1 ⁰C ^- 1. It is proposed to use 30 steel tubes with inner diameter 5 cm; the tubes will be arranged in line. The pipe wall is 5-mm thick; the thermal conductivity of the metal is 50 Wm^- 1 ⁰C^ - 1. The maximum linear shell-side fluid velocity is estimated as 0.15 m s^-1. What tube length is required? ____________

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#Question id: 15371

#Section 1: Engineering Mathematics

Laplace Transform of function e^-at is: