The Gram stain and the endospore stain both use

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#Question id: 14508

#Section 1: Engineering Mathematics

There are three events A, B and C, one of which must occur and only one can happen, the odds are 8 to 3 against A, 5 to 2 against B; find the probability of C.

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#Question id: 9277

#Section 2: General Biology

The light energy absorbed by the carotenoids is transferred to chlorophyll for photosynthesis; because of this role they are called

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#Question id: 2604

#Section 3: Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Best inducer of the lac operon;

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#Question id: 14603

#Section 5: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

What is pervaporation  

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#Question id: 14249

#Section 5: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

Aspartase enzyme is used industrially for manufacture of aspartic acid, a component of low-calorie sweetener. Fumaric acid and ammonia are converted to aspartic acid according to the equation:

 

                                        

Under investigation is a process using aspartase in intact Bacillus cadaveris cells. In the substrate range of interest, the conversion can be described using Michaelis-Menten kinetics with K m 4.0 gl^-1. The substrate solution contains 15% (w/v) ammonium fumarate; enzyme is added in the form of lyophilised cells and the reaction stopped when 85% of the substrate is converted. At 32⁰C vmax for the enzyme is 5.9 g l^-1h^-1 and its half-life is 10.5 d. At 37⁰C Vmax increases to 8.5 g l^{- 1} h^{- I} but the half-life is reduced to 2.3 d. The average downtime between batch reactions is 28 h. calculate the reactor volume required to produce 5000 tonnes of aspartic acid per year