Integrins typically exhibit low affinities for their ligands, with dissociation constants (Kd) between 10−6 and 10−7 mol/L.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9088

#XL - T Zoology

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9089

#XL - T Zoology

ADP-ribosylation blocks the GTPase activity of Gαs and renders Gαs permanently active. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9090

#XL - T Zoology

This results in continuous activation of the AC of intestinal epithelial cells, chronically active PKA which phosphorylates the CFTR Cl- channel and a Na-H exchanger in the intestinal epithelial cells. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9091

#XL - T Zoology

The resultant efflux of NaCl triggers massive water loss through the intestine as cells respond to the ensuing osmotic imbalance causes severe dehydration and electrolyte loss.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9092

#XL - T Zoology

Pertussis toxin, produced by Bordetella pertussis, catalyzes ADP-ribosylation of the  subunit of Gαi, preventing GDP-GTP exchange and blocking inhibition of adenylyl cyclase.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9093

#XL - T Zoology

Ligand binding to GPCRs that activate Gαq, leading to activation of phospholipase C