Sporophylls and Spore Variations

Sporophylls produce clusters of sporangia known as “sori”

Groups of sporophylls form cone-like structures called “strobili” 

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First sugar residue is attached to dolichol by a high-energy pyrophosphate linkage & the other sugars are added by glycosidic bonds

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Prior to transfer to a nascent chain in the lumen of the  ER, the oligosaccharide precursor is assembled on amembrane- attached anchor called dolichol phosphate, a longchain polyisoprenoid lipid

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A branched oligosaccharide containing

3 glucose (Glc)

9 mannose (Man)

2 N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)

Glc3Man9(GlcNAc)2

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Biosynthesis of all N-linked oligosaccharides begins in the rough ER with a preformed oligosaccharide precursor containing 14 residues.

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N-linked oligosaccharides

carbohydrate chains attached to the amide nitrogen of asparagine

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O-linked oligosaccharides

Carbohydrate chains in glycoproteins attached to the

hydroxyl group (-OH) in serine and threonine residues