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Ground nut oil

Botanical name-arachis hypogaea

Family-fabaceae

Uses of ground nut oil 

Ground nut oil is used in cooking food.

Ground nut oil is also used in soap making, leather dressing, shaving creams, candles etc.

Groundnut cake is used as cattle feed and fertilizer as it's rich in Nitrogen

Uses of ground nut oil 

Oil is used in preparation of ointments, plasters etc.

Oil is also used for preparing concentrated solutions of vitamin A, D, B1 and B2.

A synthetic fiber known as "Ardil" is obtained from peanuts which can be woven like wool and is used in textile industry

Coconut oil

Botanical name- cocos nucifera

Family- arecaceae

Plant Part Used-dried meaty endosperm of coconut

Uses of coconut oil

The coconut oil is used for both edible and industrial purposes.

Coconut oil is used in cooking food, especially in South India.

The coconut oil is used in making hair oil, shampoos, liquid soaps.

The coconut oil is an important constituent in making shaving cream face creams and other cosmetic products

Uses of coconut oil

The oil cake is used as cattle feed.

It is used for manufacture of synthetic detergents.

It is used in making safety glasses for airplanes, motor cars and production of plasticizers.

It is used to make coir fiber

Sesame oil

Botanical name- sesamum indicum

Family-  Pedaliaceae

Plant Part Used-seeds

Uses of Sesame oil

It is used as salad oil or cooking oil.

It is used in the manufacture of soaps, pharmaceuticals and lubricants.

It is used as an ingredient in cosmetics, perfumes etc.

It has antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties

Uses of Sesame oil

It contains several essential fatty acids like oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid and linoleic acids which are very effective in moisturizing the skin and making it soft and hydrated.

The sesame oil helps in cure of premature greying of hair.

It is helpful in improving oral health by oil pulling.

It is helpful in fighting stress and depression.

Mustard oil

Botanical name-brassica campestris

Family-brassicaceae

Plant Part Used- oil seed

Uses of mustard oil

Uses of mustard oil

It is used as massage oil for body and hair.

It is also used for making soaps, grease, synthetic rubber and plastic.

The oil cake is a good cattle feed.

The by-product of mustard is also used as manure

Castor oil

Botanical name- ricinus communis

Family-euphorbiaceae


Uses of castor oil
It is a fatty oil, used as a lubricants
Castor oil has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antifungal, and pain-relieving properties
It can help relieve constipation, moisturize skin, it is widely used as a soap manufacturing, inks, plastics, paints, varnishes, leather preservation etc.
Oil cake is poisonous and can't be used as a cattle feed. However, it is an excellent fertilizer

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Number of carpels are variable
If only one carpel exists within an ovary, it is said to be monocarpous or monocarpellary Ex;  Fabaceae
Number of carpels are variable
There may be more than one carpel, or two carpel called Bicarpellary they may be free and, if so, are said to be apocarpous. Ex- as in lotus and rose
Number of carpels are variable
There may be more than one carpel, or two carpel called bicarpellary they are termed syncarpous when carpels are fused. Ex-  as in mustard and tomato (brassicaceae and solanaceae)
Number of carpels are variable
There may be 3 fused carpel are termed tricarpellary syncarpousEx- lilliaceae

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The compilation of all carpels within the flower is collectively called the Gynoecium.
A pistil is a collective term for the gynoecium and, thus, may contain one or more carpels.

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Ovules Can Be arranged Within an ovary in a Variety of ways
Parietal placentation
Axile placentation
 Basal placentation
Free-central placentation
Marginal placentation
Parietal placentation
Parietal placentation occurs in the brassicaceae family 

Axile placentation(or central-angular)
This type of placentation is seen in solanaceae, rutaceae and liliaceae families

Basal placentation
Basal placentation can be found in the Asteraceae and Poaceae family
Free central placentation
A type of placenta structure in an ovary, in which the ovules cluster freely around a columnlike central placenta which is attached at the base of the ovary.
examples are dianthus and primrose

Marginal placentation
Marginal placentation is a feature of the Fabaceae/Leguminosae family.
Examples of marginal placentation are plants of the legume family (pod plants), like pea and beans.
               

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Style

In the family umbelliferae (apiaceae) the base of the style is swollen and forms a structure called stylopodium

Kind of style 

Terminal style

If the style arises from terminal part of the Ovary, it is called terminal style. e.g., datura, hibiscus and solanum

Lateral style  

If the style arises from one side of the ovary It is called Lateral style. e.g., Mango

Gynobasic style 

If the style arises from the base of the ovary, it is called the gynobasic style.e.g., ocimum, salvia

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Economically important plants

Cereals

Wheat-King of cereal crop

Family: poaceae (gramineae)

Botanical name:triticum aestivum

Cereals

Rice-“Dhan“

Family: poaceae (Gramineae)

Botanical Name: Oryza sativa

Uses

It is used in making alcoholic beverages.

Rice bran served as cattle food.

Paddy straw is used for making hats, ropes and baskets etc.

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Indian rubber tree (ficus elastica) 

Family: poaceae (gramineae)

Plant part used- milky latex


Cassava or ceara rubber tree (manihot glaziovii)

Family: Euphorbiaceae (spurge family)

Plant part used-  Latex

Also known as Manihot carthaginensis

Panama rubber tree (castilla elastica) 

Family: moraceae

Plant part used- latex

Para rubber tree (hevea brasiliensis)

Family:Euphorbiaceae (spurge family)

Plant part used- Milkylatex