Essential oils have well-known insect repellent properties.

Essential oils can be extracted from plants by steam distillation and are important commercially in flavoring foods and making perfumes

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9810

#XL - R Botany

Pfr is the physiologically active forms of Phytochrome

Wild type: short hypocotyl by white light

hy mutant (phytochrome mutant): long hypocotyl by white light

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9811

#XL - R Botany

A toggle model is for phytochrome interconversion

The structure of the b-hairpin region of Pr is changed to an a helix during the conversion of Pr to Pfr, which initiates other conformational changes in the protein.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9812

#XL - R Botany

There are five phytochrome isoforms in angiosperms

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9813

#XL - R Botany

PHYA is the only gene that encodes a Type I phytochrome and predominantly perceives far-red light.

Phytochrome B predominantly perceives red light

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9814

#XL - R Botany

The PHYA gene is transcriptionally active in dark-grown seedlings, but its expression is strongly inhibited in the light in monocots.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9815

#XL - R Botany

The PRD domain of phyB serve as an NLS. 

Conversion of Pr to Pfr by red light expose the functional NLS of the PRD domain of phyB, facilitating phyB’s import into the nucleus.