In the Hymenoptera (ants, bees, and wasps), Females develop from the queen’s fertilized eggs and are diploid. Males develop from the queen’s unfertilized eggs and are haploid—their sperm are genetically identical

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#Id: 9417

#XL - T Zoology

The second part of Darwin’s hypothesis is that exaggerated secondary sexual traits decrease survival.

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#Id: 9418

#XL - T Zoology

Selection favors mating displays that maximize a male’s lifetime fitness.

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#Id: 9419

#XL - T Zoology

Intersexual selection - Members of one sex, usually females, choose mates based on attractive characteristics such as color of plumage or sound of courtship song.

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#Id: 9420

#XL - T Zoology

Runaway selection: Females choose mates without the offering of obvious material benefits or parenting skills, and instead make their choices based on plumage color or courtship peahen may choose her peacock with long tail feather.

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#Id: 9421

#XL - T Zoology

Handicap principle: Long tail feathers function as a sign of an individual’s genetic quality because the bearer must be able to afford this energetically costly trait. 

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#Id: 9422

#XL - T Zoology

Intrasexual selection - Members of one sex, usually males, compete over partners, and the winner performs most of the mating.