Thus, D glucose in aqueous solution exists as an equilibrium mixture of 5 compounds. The pyranose form predominates in solution.

aD glucofuranose (0.5%)

aD-glucopyranose (37%)

aldehydo- -glucose (0.003%)

bD-glucofuranose (0.5%)

bD-glucopyranose (62%)

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9275

#XL - Q Biochemistry

NodD proteins interact directly with the signals generated by the plants and activates most conserved Nod ABC genes in bacteria

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9276

#XL - Q Biochemistry

NodA is an N-acyltransferase that catalyzes the addition of a fatty acyl chain.

NodB is a chitin-oligosaccharide deacetylase that removes the acetyl group from the terminal nonreducing sugar.

NodC is a chitin-oligosaccharide synthase that links N-acetyl-D-glucosamine monomers.

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#Id: 9277

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Nod factor is b-1,4-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine backbone

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9278

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Type III/Type IV secretion systems play a major role in transfer of bacterial Nod factor in plant cell. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9279

#XL - Q Biochemistry

The binding of Nod factors to the Nod factor receptors (NFRs), which contain extracellular LysM motifs, initiates an interaction with the conserved SYMRK receptor-like kinases containing a leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9280

#XL - Q Biochemistry

The interaction between NFR and SYMRK initiates calcium spiking in the nucleus, presumably via a second messenger molecule.

Core symbiotic genes are activated.

Cytokinin signaling is initiated.