A human cell has about 1000–2000 mtDNA molecules

A human egg has about 500,000 mtDNA molecules

A sperm has only about 100 mtDNA molecules

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A human cell has about 1000–2000 mtDNA molecules

A human egg has about 500,000 mtDNA molecules

A sperm has only about 100 mtDNA molecules

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Reproduction

Vegetative reproduction-   by fragmentation

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Reproduction

Asexual reproduction-  by spore formation (zoospores)

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Reproduction

sexual reproduction-  by fusion of two gametes

Isogamous (Spirogyra), Anisogamous (Chlamydomonas) or Oogamous (Volvox).

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Algae are divided into three main classes;

Chlorophyceae  (Green Algae)

Phaeophyceae  (Brown Algae)

Rhodophyceae  (Red Algae)

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II.Non-Vascular plants (Bryophytes)

Homosporous

Gametophyte- Dominant phase

Sporophytic phase- Lengthy

Sporogonium formation takes place