In healthy mitochondria, PINK1 resides in the mitochondrial matrix.

In damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria, PINK1 resides on the outer mitochondrial membrane, where it recruits cytosolic Parkin.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7908

#XL - Q Biochemistry

In healthy mitochondria, PINK1 resides in the mitochondrial matrix.

In damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria, PINK1 resides on the outer mitochondrial membrane, where it recruits cytosolic Parkin.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9752

#XL - R Botany

Phloem feeders activate the salicylic acid signaling pathway, as similar to pathogen infections.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9753

#XL - R Botany

Mp10 and Mp42 are effector produced by aphid Myzus persicae.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9754

#XL - R Botany

When plants recognize elicitors from insect saliva, An increase in the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) is an early signal that mediates insect elicitor–induced responses.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9755

#XL - R Botany

In Arabidopsis, a calmodulin-binding transcriptional

regulator called IQD1 mediates of defense responses against insect herbivory. IQD1 binds calmodulin, a major Ca2+-binding protein

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9756

#XL - R Botany

JA initiates biosynthesis of defense proteins as a-amylase inhibitors. Most of these proteins interfere with the herbivore digestive system.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9757

#XL - R Botany

Plant species produce lectins, defensive proteins that bind to carbohydrates or carbohydrate-containing proteins.