Membrane contact sites (MCSs)

Mitochondria establish MCSs with many other organelles, including ER, lysosomes, peroxisomes, the plasma membrane, the Golgi, endosomes, and even lipid droplets.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7909

#XL - Q Biochemistry

Membrane contact sites (MCSs)

Mitochondria establish MCSs with many other organelles, including ER, lysosomes, peroxisomes, the plasma membrane, the Golgi, endosomes, and even lipid droplets.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9736

#XL - R Botany

The hydrolyzing enzyme, myrosinase (a thioglucosidase), is stored in different cells than its substrates. While myrosinase-containing cells are mostly glucosinolate-free, the so-called sulfur-rich cells (or S-cells) contain high concentrations of glucosinolates.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9737

#XL - R Botany

Sinigrin, a major glucosinolate of black mustard seeds and horseradish roots.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9738

#XL - R Botany

Members of the Poaceae family use benzoxazinoids an alkaloids derived from tryptophan as constitutively produced defensive secondary metabolites. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9739

#XL - R Botany

Benzoxazinoids, especially 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIBOA) and its derivative 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin- 3-one (DIMBOA), are usually stored in the vacuole as glycosides coupled to d-glucose.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9740

#XL - R Botany

Cyanogenic glycosides represent a particularly toxic class of N-containing secondary metabolites. 

Upon tissue damage, these glycosides break down and release hydrogen cyanide (HCN). 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9741

#XL - R Botany

Cyanide inhibits cytochrome c oxidase in the mitochondria, which blocks the electron transport chain.